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Daniel Quemada
Aging, rejuvenation, and thixotropy in complex fluids: Time-dependence of the viscosity at rest and under constant shear rate or shear stress
Appl. Rheol. 18:5 (2008) 53298 (13 pages)
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Complex fluids exhibit time-dependent changes in viscosity that have been ascribed to both thixotropy and aging. However,
there is no consensus for which phenomenon is the origin of which changes. A novel thixotropic model is defined that incorporates
aging. Conditions under which viscosity changes are due to thixotropy and aging are unambiguously defined.
Viscosity changes in a complex fluid during a period of rest after destructuring exhibit a bifurcation at a critical volume fraction
φC2. For volume fractions less than φC2
the viscosity remains finite in the limit t to infnity.
For volume fractions above critical
the viscosity grows without limit, so aging occurs at rest. At constant shear rate there is no bifurcation, whereas under constant
shear stress the model predicts a new bifurcation in the viscosity at a critical stress σB,
identical to the yield stress σy
observed under steady conditions. The divergence of the viscosity for σ ≤ σB
is best defined as aging. However, for σ > σB,
where the viscosity remains finite, it seems preferable to use the concepts of restructuring and destructuring, rather than
aging and rejuvenation. Nevertheless, when a stress σA (≤ σB)
is applied during aging, slower aging is predicted and discussed
as true rejuvenation. Plastic behaviour is predicted under steady conditions when σ > σB.
The Herschel-Bulkley model fits the
flow curve for stresses close to σB,
whereas the Bingham model gives a better fit for σ >> σB. Finally, the model's predictions
are shown to be consistent with experimental data from the literature for the transient behaviour of laponite gels.
► Cite this publication as follows:
Quemada D: Aging, rejuvenation, and thixotropy in complex fluids: Time-dependence of the viscosity at rest and under constant shear rate or shear stress, Appl. Rheol. 18 (2008) 53298.
Imane Talbi-Boucenna, Daniel Quemada
Transient measurements in rate controlled rheometers: a new method of standardization
Appl. Rheol. 10:6 (2000) 280-287
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► Cite this publication as follows:
Talbi-Boucenna I, Quemada D: Transient measurements in rate controlled rheometers: a new method of standardization, Appl. Rheol. 10 (2000) 280.
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